山梨医科大学雑誌　第7巻3号　079-087(1992)

Inhibition of 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced
Mammary Tumorigenesis by α-Linolenic Acid and
Docosahexanoic Acid in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Ikumi YONEKURA, Takashi KANEKO, Yoshihiro ISODA,
and Akio SATO

Abstract: The effrcts of dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) on the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors were studied in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were maintained on a test diet containing corn oil [CO; linoleic acid (18:2 ω-6), 48.9%], perilla oil [PO; α-linolenic acid (18:3 ω-3), 54.1%] or fish oil [FO; docosahexanoic acid (22:6 ω-3), 40.1%] as fat (12% w/w each) for 60 days starting one week after DMBA was administered (10 mg/rat, po). The first tumor in both the PO and FO groups appeared 18 days later than that in the CO group. The mean latent period for tumorigenesis was significantly longer in the PO than in the CO group. As compared with rats in the CO group, fewer rats in the other groups developed tumors, those which did develop tumors had fewer tumors, and those tumors which did develop were smaller. These observations were consistent with the findings at autopsy. Linoleic acid content in the microsomes from tumor cells was significantly lower in both the PO and FO groups than in the CO group. However, the microsomes from the PO and FO groups had a markedly high content of α-linolenic acid and docosahexanoic acid, respectively. These findings suggest that the dietary ω-3 PUFAs, α-linolenic acid and docosahexanoic acid, inhibit the development of DMBA-induced mammary tumors by changing the fatty acid composition of biological membranes.

Key words: Mammary tumor, 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), α-linolenic acid, Docosahexanoic acid




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