山梨医科大学紀要　第11巻，029-038(1994)

医師国家試験の合否と大学入学時の属性
及び高校調査書の内容の関係
―どのような学生を入学させれば、国試の合格率が高まるか。―

平野光昭

　今年は医師国家試験（国試）の成績が不振で話題を呼んだが、本字は６年間で卒業する者の比率が極めて高い上に、長い目で見ると国試の成績も全国の大学の中で上位である。これは教員が教育に熱心で、学生もこれに応えてよく勉学に励んだからであろう。単に１人でも多く国試に合格させることだけが大学の教育目標でないことは言うまでもないが、全国の大部分の大学の学生が、国試を主たる目標として勉学に励んでいるようであるから、国試の方法や内容が変ったとしても、合格者の顔触れが大きく変ることはなかろう。
　これまでに、国試の合否と入試の成績、面接の評価、卒業試験の成績等の関係を調べるなど、国試の合格率を高める要因を追究し、数編にわたる報告をしてきた。
　本論文では、年齢、性別等の測定誤差のない入学時の属性や「選抜効果」の働いていない高等学校の調査書の内容を分類変数にとり、各変数によって分けられたグループの母集団の間で、国試の合格率に差があるか否か追究した。その結果、入学時の年齢が19歳以下の者、県内高校出身者、女性、高校調査書の成績概評がＡまたはＢの者、高校で３年間皆勤の者、課外活動等を活発に行ってきた者の合格率が高いことなどが分かった。

キーワード：医師国家試験、入学時の属性、高校調査書、相関、検定



The Correlation between the Pass-rate of National Examination
for Medical License (N E), Students' Attributes
in time of their Matriculation and Evaluations
they got in their High School Transcript
- What kind of Students should we select
in order to get high Pass-rate of N E ? -

Teruaki HIRANO

This year low average score in the national examination for medical license (hereafter N E) became one of the topics which aroused our interest. However, our university can be proud of a very high ratio of those students who graduate in due course oh six years, and moreover, in the long run, it ranked high in N E among the whole medical universities. These results may be due to teachers' enthusiastic instruction and students' diligent response as well. 0f course it is not the sole objective of medical education to make much more, say even one more, successful applicants in N E. However almost all medical students in our country seem to be diligent with the main aim of making success in N E. So, even if methods and contents of N E would be changed, the members of the successful applicants could not make a noticeable change.
So far, the author made several reports, to pursue the main factor of raising the ratio of successful applicants in N E, or the correlation among, the success or failure in N E, the data in time of matriculation, evaluations in the interviews and the scores in the final examination for graduation, and so forth.
In this essay the author, taking up as sorting variables (1) attributes of the successful applicants, like age, sex etc. , which are free from observation errors and (2) evaluations they got in their high school transcript which are immune from the so-called selection effect*, tried to find whether there is any difference or not in the pass-rate in N E among the populations of the groups divided by each one of variables.
In result, the author found out the pass-rate of those students who are (1) under the age of 19 in time of their matriculation, (2) graduates from the high school in our prefecture, (3) female, (4) evaluated as A or B average grade in their high school transcript, (5) honored as perfect attendants of three years and (6) active participants in the extra-curricular activities are remarkably high.
* the effect which causes the phenomenon where a certain correlation is not to be observed, as a result of selecting the applicants who get the similar scores in an examination.



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