山梨医科大学紀要　第16巻，020-022(1999)

イギリスにおけるコミュニティケアと看護教育

高田谷久美子，奥村百合恵，佐藤みつ子，坪井良子

　わが国を始めとするいわゆる先進諸国では，肺炎などの感染症が減少し，ライフスタイルに起因する生活習慣病といわれるような慢性疾患の増加，高齢者人口の増加，エイズなどの新たな感染症の増加などによって，ヘルスケアに関するニーズが変化してきた。こうした変化に対応すべくイギリスでは，１９９０年に『国民保健サービス及びコミュニティケア法』が成立し，NHSの組織・機構の再編成が行われ，コミュニティケアへ主眼がおかれるようになり，看護教育へも影響を及ぼしていった。

キーワード：コミュニティケア，NHS，看護教育



Community Care and Nursing Education in England

Kumiko TAKATAYA, Yurie OKUMURA, Mitsuko SATO and Yoshiko TSUBOI

　Like Japan countries such as the USA, France, Holland and UK face a number of challenges in their health care systems arising from new demands on health services, including increasing burden of chronic illness,growing importance of new infectious diseases and growing number of elderly people.　To light the changing needs most of the industrialized countries have undertaken significant reforms in their health care systems in recent years.　In UK the NHS and Community Care Act was enacted in 1990, and then the reformation and reorganization of NHS (National Health Service) were conducted to improve health services,especially community care.
　Such movements in health services gave immediate impact upon the nursing education.The curriculum was examined by focusing on the community care so that the students who intended to be nursing professions were expected to have ability to measure people's needs in all sorts of regions,and to manage and offer suitable care.　The training of the second level nurses was stopped.

Key words: Community care, NHS, Nursing education, England


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