山梨医科大学紀要　第16巻，023-027(1999)

在宅高齢者と施設入所（入院）高齢者のＱＯＬに関する研究

清水祐子，佐藤みつ子，森千鶴，大下静香

　在宅高齢者と施設入所（入院）高齢者を対象に，生活環境の異なる高齢者の主観的健康観を身体的・精神的・社会的側面との関連から検討し，QOLへの影響について明らかにすることを目的とした。
　在宅群７５名，入所群５３名に対し，身体的不調，抑うつ状態，人との関わり，日々の過ごし方，安心して過ごすための希望事項，福祉サービスについて質問紙法で調査を行った。
宅群は，家族と暮らす現状に満足していても，入所群と比べて人との関わりが少なく，身体的不調の訴えが多かった。一方入所群は，同世代との関わりが多く，世話役をすることも影響してか，在宅群よりも元気で張りきっているものが多かった。しかしその反面，若干抑うつ状態にあることがわかった。入所高齢者のメンタルヘルス対策をはじめとして，生活環境の特徴をふまえた高齢者保健・医療・福祉サービスの必要性が示唆された。

キーワード：在宅高齢者，施設入所高齢者，主観的健康観，ＱＯＬ，サポート役割



Study of the Quality of Life of
Elderly People at Home and in Hospitals

Yuko SHIMIZU, Mitsuko SATO, Chizuru MORI and Shizuka OHSHITA

　This study targets elderly persons at home and in hospitals, to determine how different environments affect the physical,mental,and social aspects of their lives,as well as their overall quality of life.　The survey method was a questionnaire distributed to 75 people living at home and 53 in the hospitals, asking about their subjective views of health, poor physical conditions,depression, involvement with people,desires for comfortable lives, and welfare services.　Subjects living at home reported less involvement with people than those staying in the hospitals, even though they were able to stay with their families.　They also had more complaints about physical conditions.On the other hand, persons in the hospitals reported more involvement with people of their own age group.　Many of them reported having plenty of energy and enthusiasm,partly because they like to do things for other people.However, the study also found some evidence of depression.　The results of this study suggest the need for more support services tailored to the lifestyle needs of elderly people, including mental health care for them in hospitals.

Key words: Elderly people at home, elderly people in hospitals,s ubjective views of health, quality of life,


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