山梨医科大学紀要　第18巻，027-030(2001)

占領期における山梨県の看護活動の展開

佐藤公美子，坪井良子

本研究は，占領下における連合国軍最高司令官総司令部（GHQ／SCAP）の看護政策の実施過程を，山梨県をモデルとして取り上げ検討した。山梨県では中央からの勧告だけではなく，地方軍政部の指導を受けながら看護政策が遂行された。その過程で地域の復興や住民の健康回復を目標に，地域の環境・衛生状態や疾病状況が加味され，また戦前から続く医療のあり方を考慮にいれながら，山梨県独自の看護政策が展開された。また，占領軍の指導に呼応した専門性と自立をめざす看護活動の活性化が，戦後山梨県の看護改革の中で重要な役割を担っていった。ここに現在のわが国の看護に影響を与えた，看護改革の一つのモデルを見ることができる。

キーワード：看護改革，山梨県軍政部，看護活動



Developments in Nursing Activities in Yamanashi Prefecture during the Occupation

Kumiko SATO and Yoshiko TSUBOI

This study looked into how Yamanashi prefecture became a model for the actualization of nursing strategy by General Headquarters and the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (GHQ/SCAP)during the Occupation.In Yamanashi prefecture,nursing strategy was determined both by orders from the central authorities and by guidance from the regional military administration.In the process,a nursing strategy unique to Yamanashi prefecture was developed, which had as its goal revitalization of the region and recovery of the health of its citizens through consideration of the local environment,sanitary and disease conditions,and the state of medical treatment from before the war.The promotion of nursing activities based on specialization and autonomy,as called for by the Occupation forces,took on an important role for the reform of nursing in Yamanashi prefecture after the war.
This study enabled us to see one model of nursing reform that had an impact on current nursing in Japan.

Key words:Nursing Policy ，Yamanashi Military Government Team ，Nursing action for public health


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